#TINEA CAPITIS SCALP ADULT SKIN#
The skin of the infected area of the scalp may be normal close to the center of the round patch, but will probably appear irritated, red, or inflamed near the edges. As the infection spreads, it might involve the whole scalp. The infection usually starts as red papules that will increase in size with the time. Therefore, it is essential to inquire about any colleagues and friends from the school that have the same condition this might give a clue about the mode of transmission.
Also, neutrophilic infiltrates might be seen in the papillary dermis. Periodic acid-Schiff stain is a special stain that will help in identifying the fungi. Subacute and chronic dermatitis either with or without follicular inflammation and destruction.Tinea capitis shows the following histological findings: Hair will typically get infected in one of three principal ways:ġ) Endothrix: where the fungi affect the hair shaft - an example of this type: Trichophyton tonsuransĢ) Ectothrix: where the fungi affect the outer sheath root - an example of this type: Microsporum canisģ) Favus: where there is an inflammatory reaction, crusting or scutula, and hair loss - an example of this type: Trichophyton schoenleinii Histopathology It is worth mentioning that in HIV, the risk is not increasing due to competitive colonization with Malassezia. Immunosuppression may lead to impaired hair shaft growth and strength leading to easier colonization. The infected hair eventually becomes brittle and then break. Once acquired, the fungus grows downwards in the stratum corneum and invades the keratin. Pathophysiologyĭermatophytes are a common cause of infection in humans. Tinea capitis affects children more than adults. Sexual predilection varies depending on the causative dermatophytes, e.g., Trichophyton infections will affect both sexes equally during the childhood years. Microsporum canis affects boys more than girls. It is most common in hot, humid climates such as Africa, Southeast Asia, and Central America. Tinea capitis is seen almost all over the world. Tinea Capitis is a common dermatological disease. Indirectly through fomites: hats, hairbrushes, etc.Transmission of the infection takes place through direct contact with organisms from: Some common organisms include Trichophyton Sudanese, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton verrucous, Trichophyton rubrum, and Microsporum canis. Dermatophytes include several genera like Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. Tinea capitis is caused by the dermatophyte species which have the capabilities to infect keratin and keratinized tissue including the hair. It may also involve the eyelashes and eyebrows. Tinea capitis occurs primarily in children between 3 and 14 years of age, but it might affect any age group. The inflammatory type may result in a kerion (painful nodules with pus) as well as scarring alopecia. The non-inflammatory type usually will not be complicated by scarring alopecia. Clinically, tinea capitis divides into inflammatory and non-inflammatory types. The fungi can penetrate the hair follicle outer root sheath and ultimately may invade the hair shaft.
It is caused primarily by the dermatophyte species Microsporum and Trichophyton. Tinea capitis is also known as ringworm and herpes tonsurans infection. Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp hairs.